Solar Array
field of panels.
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Solar Array Simulator
SAS
AMETEK Programmable Power, Inc.
A spacecraft solar array is subjected to large temperature excursions, varying insolation (the amount of sunlight falling on the array), mechanical changes and aging, which substantially effect both its short and long term performance. In order to test the spacecraft's power environment, a cost-effective solution for ground based testing is to utilize a solar array simulator.
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Solar Array Simulator
62000H-S series
The latest programmable solar array simulator power supply 62000H-S Series released by Chroma provide simulation of Voc (open circuit voltage) up to 1800V and Isc (short circuit current) up to 30A. The 62000H-S provides an industry leading power density in a small 3U high package. The solar array simulator is highly stable and has a fast transient response design, which are both advantageous to MPPT performance evaluation on PV inverter devices. The 62000H-S Series have many unique advantages including high speed & precision digitizing measurement circuits with a 100kHz A/D, 25kHz D/A controlled I-V curve and a digital filter mechanism. It can simulate an I-V curve accurately and response the mains ripple effect from the PV inverter. In addition, the built-in EN50530/Sandia SAS I-V model in the standalone unit can easily program the Voc, Isc, Vmp, and Imp parameters for I-V curve simulation, without a PC controller.
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Solar Array Simulator
Among other things, solar array simulators are required for testing satellite power supplies. An SAS (Solar Array Simulator), consisting of an interconnection of several Solar Array Simulator modules, maps the solar panels and displays the individual strings connected in parallel. Optionally, the individual SAS modules are monitored by a Second Level Protection, so that the test object is not damaged in case of errors with the voltage sources. Additional circuitry is implemented via project-specific test modules. The signal path to the DUT can be separated, e.g. for dynamic current measurements.The Keysight Solar Array Simulators used were specially developed for satellite applications and cover the significantly higher requirements regarding the control speed of MPP tracking compared to terrestrial applications.
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Standalone Terrestrial Solar Array Photovoltaic Simulator
TerraSAS (ETS Series)
AMETEK Programmable Power, Inc.
For microgrids, energy storage, and inverter test applications, the TerraSAS™ series photovoltaic (PV) simulators are specifically designed to emulate the dynamic electrical behavior of a terrestrial PV solar array. They offer low output capacitance and high closed loop bandwidth to keep up with the advanced Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms used in today’s grid-tied inverters. The Embedded TerraSAS (ETS) is a high performance solution in a small form factor that combines an agile power supply with an innovative I-V curve generator in a single standalone unit.
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Modular Solar Array Simulators
MP4300A Series
The output power of solar cells varies with numerous environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, irradiation) and operational conditions (e.g., eclipse, spin). The Keysight MP4300A Series solar array simulator enables you to test all these conditions with high accuracy. It delivers fast current-voltage (I-V) curve changes with a quick recovery time, emulating rapidly changing conditions.
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Modular Solar Array Simulator Mainframe, 1200W
E4360A
The Keysight 1200W, E4360A Modular Solar Array Simulator is a 2U high, 2-slot mainframe that accepts up to 2 E4360 series modules. Modules are ordered separately. It offers LAN, USB, and GPIB interfaces standard.
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Solar Array Simulator
G5.SAS
The G5.SAS series are unidirectional sources. It was developed specifically for testing inverters and simulating solar arrays and is suitable for use in laboratories and on test benches. The modular and finely graded G5.SAS series is characterized by highly dynamic response times and a wide current-voltage range with an auto-ranging factor 3. The power supplies feature especially low capacitance values in the output filter stage and switchable earth leakage resistors for adaptation to the insulation measurement of the DUT.
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Solar Array Simulator DC Power Supply
62000H-S
Chroma Systems Solutions, Inc.
Solar Array Simulator DC Power Supplies by Chroma provide programmable simulation of Voc (open circuit voltage) up to 1800V and Isc (short circuit current) up to 30A. The 62000S-H series provides an industry leading power density in a small 3U high package. The Solar Array Simulator is highly stable and has a fast transient response design, which are both advantages to MPPT performance evaluation on PV inverter devices.
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Solar Array IV Curve Simulation Softpanel
Chroma Systems Solutions, Inc.
Easily program the I-V curve of the Solar Array Simulator with this test software as well as the I-V and P-V curves for real-time testing. See both dynamic and static MPPT efficiency and even simulate the IV Curve with shadows. The real world weather simulation function allows the user to simulate the irradiation intensity and temperature level from early morning to nightfall.
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Solar Array Simulator Auto-Ranging Module 0-160V, 0-10A, 1kW
MP4361A
The Keysight MP4361A is a 1000 W solar array simulator DC power module that simulates the output characteristics of a solar array. The MP4361A is primarily a current source with very low output capacitance. It offers fast I-V curve changes allowing you to accurately simulate the output of different solar arrays under various environmental conditions (ex. temperature, age, eclipse, spin, etc.).
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Solar Array Simulator DC Module, 130V, 5A, 600W
E4362A
The Keysight E4362A is a 600W solar array simulator DC power module that simulates the output characteristics of a solar array. The E4362A is primarily a current source with very low output capacitance. It offers fast I-V curve changes allowing you to accurately simulate the output of different solar arrays under various environmental conditions (ex. temperature, age, eclipse, spin etc.). The E4360 gives you the flexibility to operate it in two ways:
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Modular Solar Array Simulators
E4360 Series
The E4360 Modular Solar Array Simulators accurately simulates the I-V curve of different arrays under various environmental conditions (such as eclipse, spin, rotation, age and temperature). Its small size and high power saves valuable rack space.
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Teraohmmeter/IR Tester
98x
The new 981i and 983i Teraohmmeters are designed to tackle the toughest High Resistance measurement applications. Demanding applications that most other IR testers won’t measure up to. So when it’s time to test higher voltage IR values like today’s electric vehicle systems and higher voltage solar arrays — look to Vitrek to deliver the IR tester you need for your production line.
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Aerospace and Aviation Solutions
SCOEs and EGSEs by LXinstruments are used during test and validation of satellite assemblies and modules in aerospace applications. As an example, we implemented solar array simulators, battery simulators and high-power load racks for a German satellite manufacturer for testing satellite power supply systems. Due to the high power ratings, the systems are partially equipped with water cooling. Specialized switching modules were developed for switching DC currents at high voltage levels; these can be programmed with SCPI commands via Ethernet.Our modular OTP² functional test platform is ideally suited for implementing durable, reliable test systems, e. g. for in-flight entertainment applications. Since the OTP2 platform is based on open interfaces, it can be quickly and easily adapted to any required communication busses and ARINC interfaces.
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Battery Simulator
The battery simulator is used for testing satellite power supplies and is used in combination with a Solar Array Simulator and load systems (consumer simulation) for the validation and commissioning of satellite power supplies. Loads and power supplies in the battery simulator are operated in combination to represent a 2-square function and to simulate both charging and discharging of the battery.
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Electrical Ground Support Equipment:
EGSE
Keysight provides a variety of configurable test systems for satellites and satellite flight hardware; including Solar Array Simulators, Battery Simulation and Conditioning, RF signal simulation and analysis as well as fully custom solutions.
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Solar Array Simulator Module 0-130V, 0-8A, 1kW
MP4362A
The Keysight MP4362A is a 0-130V, 0-8A, 1kW solar array simulator DC power module that simulates the output characteristics of a solar array.
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Load Simulator
The load system is intended for testing satellite power supply systems; due to the integration with a solar array simulator and a battery simulator, it can perform validation and commissioning of satellite power supplies. The system is equipped with regenerative electronic loads and customer-specific high-power switching matrices for routing the DUT channels to the relevant loads. The individual voltages and currents for each channel can be read back via a Keysight Technologies switch mainframe.The system is equipped with high electrical power; its loads are capable of feeding the energy back into the power grid.
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Solar Array Simulator DC Module, 65V, 8.5A, 510W
E4361A
The Keysight E4361A is a 510W solar array simulator DC power module that simulates the output characteristics of a solar array. The E4361A is primarily a current source with very low output capacitance. It offers fast I-V curve changes allowing you to accurately simulate the output of different solar arrays under various environmental conditions (ex. temperature, age, eclipse, spin etc.). The E4360 gives you the flexibility to operate it in two ways:
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Modular Power System 6kW Mainframe, 200/208 VAC
MP4301A
The MP4300 Series is a family of 1kW Solar Array Simulators (SAS) modular systems in a 2U footprint. The 6kW mainframes can accommodate up to 6 slots of SAS modules achieving excellent power and channel density. Additionally, the SAS series provides a way to simulate solar panels in a spacecraft while offering the highest density, efficient and reliable operation, minimizing rack space to provide the best total cost of ownership.
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License For Automated EN50530 Static And Dynamic MPPT Efficiency Testing
DG8901A
Optional upgrade for Solar Array Simulator (SAS) app. Provides additional automated static and dynamic EN50530 maximum peak power tracking (MPPT) tests.
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Modular Power System 6kW Mainframe, 400/480 VAC
MP4302A
The MP4300 Series is a family of 1kW Solar Array Simulators (SAS) modular systems in a 2U footprint. The 6kW mainframes can accommodate up to 6 slots of SAS modules achieving excellent power and channel density. Additionally, the SAS series provides a way to simulate solar panels in a spacecraft while offering the highest density, efficient and reliable operation, minimizing rack space to provide the best total cost of ownership.
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Engineered Systems
AMETEK Programmable Power, Inc.
When a catalog product cannot completely satisfy a requirement, AMETEK Programmable Power's Solutions Business provides custom power supply systems and integrations. The solutions range from OEM integration for medical and semiconductor industries to modular avionics ATE power subsystems to turnkey solar array simulators for satellites. We also can modify power supplies to meet your application requirements.
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Solar
Chroma Systems Solutions, Inc.
This auto test system uses the unique test command optimization technology to prevent the repeating control commands from sending to the system hardware devices. This improves the system test speed dramatically and makes Chroma 8000, which uses open software architecture, highly efficient as a close or optimized auto test system.
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Array Sensors
Array sensors use closely spaced beams of light to detect even the slightest differences in gray scale between the target and the background within their field-of-view. They are ideal for edge and diameter detection as well as detecting widths and gaps. SICK’s array sensors offer industry-leading reproducibility, in addition to compact, rugged metal housings for use in highly restricted or harsh environments.
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Solar ATE
MS 1534
The Inverterless ATE is an automatic test equipment which is used to test the all functional and various test conditions of Inverterless Solar Unit. This ATE shall be a GO/NOGO Tester for Inverterless Solar Unit. All production units can be tested with this ATE for functional testing and clearance. This ATE reduces the man effort for quality checks and detects the failure units. The Inverterless ATE can check the UUT with minimum user interactions. It shall test and generate test report in PDF format for the conducted tests with necessary data. The ATE operates on 230V AC power. The ATE has In-Built AC-DC converter which provides 12V DC for operate the unit. Also it has additional AC-DC converter to simulate solar power to the Inverterless units. The main objective of the ATE is to test the Inverterless S in all possible test scenarios without external test equipments and less user interactions.
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Linear Array
Linear array sensors consist of a linear array of integrating photosensing pixels which measure incident light over a user-defined exposure time and generate a voltage or digital output which represents the light exposure at each pixel. The sensors are available in a variety of lengths and pixel resolutions. The analog output may be directly interfaced to an ADC for digital processing or for comparing black/white thresholds. Applications include contact image sensing, optical character recognition, edge detection, and object measurement in products such as copiers, document scanners and spectroscopy.
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Solar Tester
Amprobe solar meters and analyzers provide you with superior technology to optimize the placement and performance of solar energy equipment. Our meters also offer analysis of window efficiency.
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Array Antennas
An antenna array (or array antenna) is a set of multiple connected antennas which work together as a single antenna, to transmit or receive radio waves. The individual antennas (called elements) are usually connected to a single receiver or transmitter by feedlines that feed the power to the elements in a specific phase relationship. The radio waves radiated by each individual antenna combine and superpose, adding together (interfering constructively) to enhance the power radiated in desired directions, and cancelling (interfering destructively) to reduce the power radiated in other directions. Similarly, when used for receiving, the separate radio frequency currents from the individual antennas combine in the receiver with the correct phase relationship to enhance signals received from the desired directions and cancel signals from undesired directions. More sophisticated array antennas may have multiple transmitter or receiver modules, each connected to a separate antenna element or group of elements.
