Dissolved Gas Extraction System Overview

The Dissolved Gas Extraction Unit (DGEU) allows continuous concentration measurements of dissolved gases in water and other liquids in real time*. The DGEU extracts gas from a liquid stream through an internal hydrophobic micro-porous membrane (comprised of polypropylene hollow fibers). Internal water and gas pumps and mass flow controllers allow precise control of flow rates and pressures of the liquid in the DGEU and the strip gas which is sent to the gas analyzer. By accurately controlling the water flow rate through the membrane, gas pressure on the outside of the membrane, and water pressure on the inside of the membrane, the DGEU is able to generate precise and reproducible results.

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Isotope Analyzers

Los Gatos Research, Inc.

LGR's isotope analyzers can be used everywhere. These Analyzer use LGR's Off-axis ICOS technology, a fourth-generation cavity enhanced absorption technique. Off-axis ICOS has many advantages over conventional Cavity Ringdown Spectroscopy (CRDS) techniques such as being alignment insensitive, having a much shorter measurement time (yielding a faster data rate), and not requiring expensive and power consuming auxiliary components. The Analyzer includes an internal computer that can store data practically indefinitely on its internal hard drive (for applications requiring unattended longer term operation), and send real-time data to a data logger through its analog and digital (RS232) outputs. In addition, all LGR Analyzers may be fully accessed and controlled over the Internet for remote diagnostics and unattended operation. Learn more about The LGR Advantage.

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Carbon Dioxide Isotope Analyzers

Los Gatos Research, Inc.

Stable isotopes act as tracers for studying flows and fluxes of material through ecosystems and the atmosphere. In practice, scientists measure the stable carbon isotope content of air, plants and soil to quantify many phenomena including the recycling of carbon dioxide within forests, water use efficiency, partitioning ecosystem carbon exchange into its components, gross primary productivity and ecosystem respiration, and to identify and quantify the distribution and contributions of plant species to global productivity. In addition, stable isotopes of carbon may be used to determine the effectiveness of carbon sequestration strategies. For these studies, investigators require fast, accurate measurements over a wide range of carbon dioxide concentrations.

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Carbon Dioxide Isotope Analyzers - Elevated CO2 Overview

Los Gatos Research, Inc.

The stable isotope composition of carbonate minerals has been of interest for decades, with initial research focusing on measurements of carbonates in the ocean for paleoceanography applications. Stable isotope studies of carbonates have also been used extensively to explore the role of fluid-rock reaction and geosphere-hydrosphere-atmosphere interactions in the earth and environmental sciences. To date, conventional analyses involve acidification of a carbonate sample to produce CO2, followed by measurements with IRMS. While effective, IRMS requires a trained operator, is expensive, and cannot be performed in the field.

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Deep-Water Gas Analyzers

Los Gatos Research, Inc.

The Deep-Water Gas Analyzer combines membrane separation technology with LGR's cavity enhanced laser absorption spectroscopy technology to provide in-situ measurements of methane or carbon dioxide in waters at depth to 2500 meters. Designed for applications such as ocean acidification, carbon sequestration, methane hydrate and hydrothermal vent studies, these novel instruments incorporate an automated gas handling system to provide real-time measurements of dissolved gases in oceans and lakes.

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Isotopic N2O Analyzer (site-specific δ15N, δ17O, δ18O and N2O)

Los Gatos Research, Inc.

N2O is a linear, non-symmetric molecule (N–N–O), with one nitrogen atom at the center (alpha site) and one at the end (beta site). Therefore, one can distinguish between two structural isomers containing one heavy isotope of nitrogen, namely 14N15N16O and 15N14N16O, referred to as 15Nα and 15Nβ, respectively. The intramolecular distribution of 15N in N2O can provide information about the geochemical cycle of N2O because many biological and chemical processes have distinct isotopic signatures

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Isotopic Water Analyzer (Liquid+Vapor) - Enhanced Performance

Los Gatos Research, Inc.

LGR’s Isotopic Water Analyzer (model IWA-45EP) is the world’s most advanced instrument for measurements of both isotopic liquid water (including wines) and water vapor. The IWA-45EP combines the features of LGR’s Liquid Water Isotope Analyzer and Water Vapor Isotope Analyzer (Enhanced Performance model) in a single instrument. For liquid water samples, the IWA-45EP reports measurements at a rate of over 800 injections per day. With the typical operating procedure (6 injections per sample), this measurement rate yields over 130 total samples per day. For continuous measurements of water vapor, the IWA-45EP reports δ17O , δ18O and δ2H and water vapor mole fraction over a range of mole fractions greater than 60000 ppm H2O in air. Changing between operational modes could not be simpler - with only a simple switch, the user can switch from measuring liquid water to measuring water vapor, or vice versa.

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Liquid Water Isotope Analyzer - Enhanced Performance

Los Gatos Research, Inc.

The Los Gatos Research (LGR) Liquid Water Isotope Analyzer provides measurements of δ18O, δ17O and δ2H of water in liquid (including wines) and discrete vapor samples with unsurpassed performance. Measurements may be reported at the unmatched speed of (at least) 800 injections per day. And, with LGR's acclaimed Enhanced Performance package, measurements may be recorded with unparalleled and unsurpassed stability and accuracy. For measurements of water vapor as well as liquid water in one instrument, please refer to LGR's new Isotopic Water Analyzer. For measurements of isotopes in wine, please refer to the description in LGR's Wine Isotope Analyzer.

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Methane Carbon Isotope Analyzers (CH4, δ13C)

Los Gatos Research, Inc.

Due to its rugged, field-portable packaging, the Methane Carbon Isotope Analyzer is ideally suited for energy exploration, biogas production and for studies of anaerobic digestion, methanogenic bacteria, methane hydrates, hydrothermal vent effluents, and other applications involving isotopic ratios in methane. The Analyzer provides sub parts-per-mil precision of δ13C in methane with a rapid response time. Because it does not require user intervention, this instrument also enables long-term methane isotope monitoring studies.

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Water-Vapor Isotope Analyzers (H2O, δ2H, δ17O, δ18O)

Los Gatos Research, Inc.

Now you can accurately measure δ17O, δ18O and δ2H in ambient water vapor (to over 60,000 ppm) rapidly with high precision in a measurement time of less than 0.5 seconds. Our Water Vapor Isotope Analyzer requires only 180 watts of power and does not require any sample preparation or user intervention, which enables long-term studies of water-vapor isotopes with unprecedented performance. In addition, the Water Vapor Isotope Analyzer provides simultaneous measurements of water vapor mole fraction [H2O] with ppm-level precision. For measurements of liquid water as well as water vapor in one instrument, please refer to LGR's new Isotopic Water Analyzer.

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